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1 Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
2 Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK s
3 Mitsubishi Institute of Life Science, Machida, Tokyo 194-8511, Japan
4 PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Japan
5 Cellular Structure Laboratory, Cell Biology Program, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
6 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a characteristic polygonal structure with hallmark three-way junctions. In a previous paper, we reconstituted the disruption of the pre-existing ER network using mitotic cytosol from HeLa cells in streptolysin O (SLO)-permeabilized CHO-HSP cells (stably expressing GFP-HSP47). In addition, we found that interphase cytosol induced reformation of the disrupted ER network into a continuous network structure. Here, we show that the reformation of the ER network is accomplished through two sequential fusion reactions. The first process is mediated by NSF/
and 
-SNAPs, and involves the generation of typical membranous intermediate structures that connect the disrupted ER tubules. A subsequent fusion is mediated by p97/p47/VCIP135, which has been shown to be required for homotypic fusion events in Golgi cisternae regrowth after mitosis. In addition, we also found that both fusion processes involve the t-SNARE, syntaxin 18.
* Correspondence: E-mail: mmurata{at}bio.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp
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