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1 Department of Integrated Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
2 Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
3 Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Science III, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
4 Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
5 Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, AT-1030, Vienna
6 Adjunct Division of Applied Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
Newly synthesized DNA is rapidly assembled into mature nucleosomes by the deposition of pre-existing and nascent histones, and some parts of this process are facilitated by chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1). Loss-of-function mutants of CAF-1 in Arabidopsis, fasciata (fas), show a variety of morphological abnormalities and unique defects in gene expression in the meristems. In order to clarify the implications of CAF-1 in the maintenance of chromatin states in higher eukaryotes, we investigated transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) of various genes in fas mutants. Here, we show that TGS of endogenous CACTA transposons was released in a stochastic manner in fas. Other endogenous silent genes, a transposon AtMu1 and a hypothetical gene T5L23.26 at a heterochromatin knob, were also transcriptionally activated, and the activation of the three different silent loci at different chromosomal sites occurred non-concomitantly with each other. Furthermore, TGS of the silent ß-glucuronidase (GUS) transgene was also de-repressed randomly in fas. We conclude that CAF-1 ensures the stable inheritance of epigenetic states through growth and development in Arabidopsis.
These authors (Tatsuya Ono and Hidetaka Kaya) contributed equally to this work.
Communicated by: Masao Tasaka aPresent address: Department of Cell Signaling, Genome & Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan bPresent address: Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan * Correspondence: E-mail: kshibaha{at}lab.nig.ac.jp
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