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1 Structural Biology Laboratory, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, and
2 CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), an adhesion molecule with O-glycosylated extracellular sialomucins, is involved in leukocyte inflammatory responses. On activation, ezrin–radixin–moesin (ERM) proteins mediate the redistribution of PSGL-1 on polarized cell surfaces to facilitate binding to target molecules. ERM proteins recognize a short binding motif, Motif-1, conserved in cytoplasmic tails of adhesion molecules, whereas PSGL-1 lacks Motif-1 residues important for binding to ERM proteins. The crystal structure of the complex between the radixin FERM domain and a PSGL-1 juxtamembrane peptide reveals that the peptide binds the groove of FERM subdomain C by forming a β-strand associated with strand β5C, followed by a loop flipped out towards the solvent. The Motif-1 310 helix present in the FERM–ICAM-2 complex is absent in PSGL-1 given the absence of a critical Motif-1 alanine residue, and PSGL-1 reduces its contact area with subdomain C. Non-conserved positions are occupied by large residues Met9 and His8, which stabilize peptide conformation and enhance groove binding. Non-conserved residues play an important role in compensating for loss of binding energy resulting from the absence of conserved residues important for binding.
* Correspondence: E-mail: hakosima{at}bs.naist.jp
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