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Genes to Cells (2010) 15, 91-100. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2009.01368.x
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Multiple roles of PPAR{alpha} in brown adipose tissue under constitutive and cold conditions

 Makiko Komatsu1,2, Yuhong Tong1, Yufeng Li1, Takero Nakajima1, Gang Li1,3, Rui Hu1,4, Eiko Sugiyama1,5, Yuji Kamijo1,6, Naoki Tanaka1, Atsushi Hara1,* and Toshifumi Aoyama1

1 Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
2 School of Nursing & Health, Aichi Prefectural University, Kamishidami, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8502, Japan
3 Cardiac Center of Hebei Provincial People’s Hospital, 348 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China
4 The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 205 Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
5 Department of Nutritional Science, Nagano Prefectural College, Nagano 380-8525, Japan
6 Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {alpha} (PPAR{alpha}) is a member of the nuclear receptor family, regulating fatty acid degradation in many organs. Two-dimensional SDS-PAGE of brown adipose tissue (BAT) from PPAR{alpha}-null mice produced a higher-density spot. Proteomic analysis indicated that the protein was pyruvate dehydrogenase β (PDHβ). To observe PDHβ regulation in BAT, the organ was stimulated by long-term cold exposure, and the activities of associated enzymes were investigated. Histological and biochemical analyses of BAT showed a significant decrease in the triglyceride content in wild-type mice and some degree of decrease in PPAR{alpha}-null mice on cold exposure. Analyses of molecules related to glucose metabolism showed that the expression of PDHβ is under PPAR{alpha}-specific regulation, and that glucose degradation ability may decrease on cold exposure. In contrast, analyses of molecules related to fatty acid metabolism showed that numerous PPAR{alpha}/{gamma} target molecules are induced on cold exposure, and that fatty acid degradation ability in wild-type mice is markedly enhanced and also increases to same degree in PPAR{alpha}-null mice on cold exposure. Thus, this study proposes novel and multiple roles of PPAR{alpha} in BAT.

Communicated by: Shinichi Aizawa

* kareisei{at}shinshu-u.ac.jp






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